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1.
Rev Chil Pediatr ; 90(2): 194-201, 2019 Apr.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31095236

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Klippel-Feil syndrome is a highly heterogeneous complex skeletal disorder characterized by the con genital fusion of two or more cervical vertebrae. The classic clinical triad consists of a short neck, low hairline, and neck movements limitation. The associated mutations are located in the loci of the GDF3 gene (chromosome 12p13.31), GDF6 (chromosome 8q22.1), and MEOX1 (chromosome 17q21.31). OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical-radiological findings and pedigree of a patient with Klippel-Feil syndrome. CLINICAL CASE: A 5-year-old patient with short neck, low posterior hairline, and limitation of lateral movements. The cervical flexion and extension radiographs showed fusion blocks between C1-2-3, C4-5, and C6-7. The chest CT scan showed multiple hemivertebrae in the upper third of the thoracic vertebrae corresponding to ribs I-IV. The karyotype was normal, 46, XX. Reduced penetrance was present in five of the family members. The fusion of C2-3 was present in four members and one individual had low fusion in C5-6. Three of the five affected individuals had a fusion between the capitate and the hamate bone. CONCLUSION: The malformation of congenital vertebral segmentation is a case of interest since it is an uncommon diagnosis in the pediatric age and whose clinical suspicion can be generated from the clinical examination, radiological study com plemented with the pedigree interpretation in Mendelian inheritance disorders, allowing to provide opportunely genetic counseling to the family.


Assuntos
Vértebras Cervicais/anormalidades , Síndrome de Klippel-Feil/diagnóstico , Vértebras Torácicas/anormalidades , Vértebras Cervicais/diagnóstico por imagem , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Vértebras Torácicas/diagnóstico por imagem
2.
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 90(2): 194-201, abr. 2019. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1003737

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: El síndrome de Klippel-Feil constituye un desorden esquelético complejo altamente heterogéneo caracterizado por la fusión congénita de dos o más vértebras cervicales. La triada clínica clásica consiste en cuello corto, implantación baja del cabello y limitación para los movimientos del cue llo. Las mutaciones asociadas se localizan en los loci del gen GDF3 (cromosoma 12p13.31), GDF6 (cromosoma 8q22.1) y MEOX1 (cromosoma 17q21.31). OBJETIVO: Describir los hallazgos clínico- radiológicos y genealogía de una paciente con síndrome de Klippel-Feil. CASO CLÍNICO: Paciente de 5 años de edad con cuello corto, cabello de implantación baja posterior, limitación para los movimientos de lateralización. La radiografía cervical en flexión y extensión evidenció bloques de fusión entre C1-2-3, C4-5 y C6-7. En la tomografía axial computarizada de tórax se apreció múltiples hemivértebras del tercio superior de las vértebras torácicas correspondientes a las costillas I-IV. El cariotipo fue normal, 46, XX. La penetrancia reducida estuvo presente en cinco de los miembros de la familia. La fusión de C2-3 predominó en cuatro y en un individuo la fusión baja en C5-6. Tres de los cinco individuos afectados tenían fusión entre el hueso grande y ganchoso. CONCLUSIÓN: La malformación de segmentación vertebral congénita constituye un caso de interés por tratarse de un diagnóstico infrecuente en la edad pediátrica y cuya sospecha puede generarse a partir del examen clínico, estudio de imágenes complementado con la interpretación de la genealogía en los trastornos de herencia mendeliana, permitiendo brindar un oportuno asesoramiento genético a la familia.


INTRODUCTION: Klippel-Feil syndrome is a highly heterogeneous complex skeletal disorder characterized by the con genital fusion of two or more cervical vertebrae. The classic clinical triad consists of a short neck, low hairline, and neck movements limitation. The associated mutations are located in the loci of the GDF3 gene (chromosome 12pl3.31), GDF6 (chromosome 8q22.1), and MEOXI (chromosome 17q21.31). OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical-radiological findings and pedigree of a patient with Klippel-Feil syndrome. CLINICAL CASE: A 5-year-old patient with short neck, low posterior hairline, and limitation of lateral movements. The cervical flexion and extension radiographs showed fusion blocks between C1-2-3, C4-5, and C6-7. The chest CT scan showed multiple hemivertebrae in the upper third of the thoracic vertebrae corresponding to ribs 1-tv. The karyotype was normal, 46, XX. Reduced penetrance was present in five of the family members. The fusion of C2-3 was present in four members and one individual had low fusion in C5-6. Three of the five affected individuals had a fusion between the capitate and the hamate bone. CONCLUSION: The malformation of congenital vertebral segmentation is a case of interest since it is an uncommon diagnosis in the pediatric age and whose clinical suspicion can be generated from the clinical examination, radiological study com plemented with the pedigree interpretation in Mendelian inheritance disorders, allowing to provide opportunely genetic counseling to the family.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Vértebras Torácicas/anormalidades , Vértebras Cervicais/anormalidades , Síndrome de Klippel-Feil/diagnóstico , Vértebras Torácicas/diagnóstico por imagem , Vértebras Cervicais/diagnóstico por imagem
3.
CCH, Correo cient. Holguín ; 22(3): 537-543, jul.-set. 2018. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-974507

RESUMO

Se presenta un paciente de 87 años con episodios de mareos, inestabilidad para la marcha, y déficit cognitivo de varios meses de evolución, atendido en el Hospital Lenin, de Holguín, Cuba. En el examen físico se encontró: disartria, bradilalia, y ataxia dinámica sin lateralización e hiperreflexia osteotendinosa, en ambos miembros inferiores. Los estudios humorales resultaron normales. La tomografía axial computarizada evidenció: calcificaciones en los ganglios basales y presencia de una sustancia blanca periventricular y en el cerebelo. Se diagnosticó como enfermedad de Fahr.


We present an 87-year-old patient, with dizziness episodes, walking instability, and a several months' cognitive deficit, attended at the Lenin Hospital, from Holguín, Cuba. Physical examination revealed: dysarthria, bradylalia, dynamic ataxia without lateralization and osteotendinoushyperreflexia, in both lower limbs. Humoral studies were normal and the computed axial tomography showed calcifications in the basal ganglia and cerebellum, and a periventricular white matter. It was diagnosed as a Fahr's disease.

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